MInd Map

Tony Buzan, the creator of this mind map method, inspired by a computer in 1971 which is equipped with a manual, the use of up to thousands of pieces. He wondered why the human brain is far more powerful is not accompanied by manual use? So he created the mind map tool as a way to maximize the brain works.

The principle is simple, you just follow where the brain thinks, what occurred, what is remembered, and write down on paper in the form of graffiti that barbed-hook. Graffiti started from the middle of the paper as a center, and then expand out to the edges of the paper. This is the concept of radiant thinking.Mind Map serves as a tool to facilitate the brain works. Benefits mind map are:

    * Accelerate learning
    * Seeing the connections between different topics
    * Helps 'brainstorming'
    * Make it easy flow of ideas
    * Seeing the big picture
    * Make it easy to remember
    * Simplify the structure
    * .. etc.


Sometimes mid map is used as initial spike when all the ideas that occurred to develop a topic. At other times, mind map is used to study the training materials prepared by another team. Sometimes the material is so much that if we learn slide for the slide then it will lose the red thread from beginning to end. Sometimes the material was assessed also still a raw material which does not irregular, so it needs re-arranged, removed, or added, so that the unity of the material flow. This is where the mid map helped me find the main ideas of matter and prepare a slide with the appropriate thread.

If you often experience dizziness due to many problems that springs to mind, or the many ideas that suddenly appear, or if not recorded anything that will burden your subconscious brain, the mind map can be a tool for pouring all ideas, thoughts, and garbage in the head.


How to create a mind map is very easy:

   1. Start with the main topic - in the middle
   2. wrote an important sub-topics
   3. add and connect with the sub-sub-topics
   4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the 'outline' complete

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English Tenses – Graphic Comparison

Problems with the English tenses? Have a look at the time line, it might help you understand when to use which tense. As there is a similarity between past, present and future tenses, there are just a few rules to keep in mind.

If you know how to use the present progressive correctly to express present actions, you will as well be able to use the past progressive correctly to express past actions.

 source : http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/tenses-graphic

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Section on TOEFL Test

Paper-based TOEFL (PBT) test consists of three parts, similar to the first three parts of a computer-based TOEFL test. The TOEFL PBT contains only multiple-choice questions. 

TOEFL Listening Section 

TOEFL Test Listening Section consists of three parts. In the first part you will hear a short conversation usually contains two sentences that followed with a single question.In the second part you will hear again a dialogue between two people. After the dialogue, you will hear four of the five questions. Each of the questions followed by four answers (A, B, C and D). Only one out of four correct answers. You must select the correct answer. 

At the end of the Listening Section you'll hear another piece of verbal communication such as lectures, radio talks, TV broadcasting or other announcements. Each conversation lasted between one to two minutes and was delivered by a single speaker. After all the information you hear, you have to answer 4-5 questions. 

Most questions in Listening section using the traditional multiple-choice format, this means you must select the correct answer from three or more choices. However, some questions involving the visual elements you need to identify and somtimes two of the four possible answers are correct. There are also several questions that require you to rearrange or match objects, phrases or words. 

TOEFL Structure section 

In the TOEFL Structure section you must demonstrate the knowledge and skills in vocabulary, grammar and proper use of the North American standard written English.You must identify items that are of academic vocabulary, this means there will be subjects related to science, art, literature, culture and history. To answer the questions correctly will be enough if you have an average level of subject knowledge 

You'll find two types of questions in a TOEFL Structure section. The first question type is a sentence containing a gap. You must select a word or phrase that fills the gap right. 

The second question type can be called "Errors in the Sentence". Questions consist of complete sentences with four separate underlined words. You must choose from four underlinded words or combinations of words containing errors in grammar or usage. 

TOEFL Reading Section 

In the TOEFL Reading section you will find short passages similar to the type of text used for academic purposes in the U.S., Canada or the college other internationally recognized. For example, there will be a text about art, literature, biographies of important people, science and scientific research as well as history related to North America. Even if you know a lot about one of the topics discussed in Section Reading the TOEFL test, it is not necessarily to your advantage in answering the questions correctly because of the TOEFL measures your English skills than your knowledge of specific areas. After all, you take the TOEFL test before you actually start the program of study at university. 

So, your success on the TOEFL Reading section depends on how well you understand the verses of the text and accompanying questions. Testing Section Read and evaluate your understanding main ideas and vocabulary as well as your ability to identify the essential facts and conclusions. As with Section Listening Section Reading too uses the traditional multiple-choice format. In addition there are also a number of specific computer questions that either require you to match word phrases, or specific paragraphs of text with a definition or to insert a sentence in the text are most appropriate. 

TOEFL Writing Section 

In TOEFL Writing Section you must write an essay based on one single assigned topic. Your essay must include elements such as original thought, analysis, examples, evidence and the organization in English. You can choose between writing your essay in front of a computer or using a traditional hand-written format. 

Because computer-adaptive testing is not possible on paper-based TOEFL test (PBT), PBT has three levels of difficulty of questions. Thirty percent PBT TOEFL test questions categorized as easy, forty percent are medium and thirty percent difficult.At the beginning of each section you'll find easy-level questions are followed by a mid-level questions and difficult questions at the end.

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TOEFL

If you are planning to take the TOEFL exam, you are not alone. Worldwide more than 700,000 people will likely take the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) this year. Native speakers of 145 different languages—representing more than 220 countries and regions—take the TOEFL exam annually. And, over 4,500 colleges, universities, programs, and agencies in the United States and Canada will use the TOEFL exam to evaluate applicants who are not native speakers of English. This important test measures your ability to read, write, and understand English so you can succeed in a college classroom or professional program.

To prepare for the TOEFL exam, unlike other standardized tests, you can’t just memorize a list of vocabulary words or math formulas and expect to do well on the exam. You need to understand conversations and other spoken English, know grammar rules, understand and process what you read, and be able to express yourself effectively in writing.

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